{"id":9180,"date":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9180"},"modified":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","modified_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","slug":"co-je-stihla-vyroba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/what-is-lean-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160t\u00edhl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba \u0159e\u0161\u00ed jednu z nejhor\u0161\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t v ka\u017ed\u00e9m podniku: pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud nevyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 zdroje naplno, ztr\u00e1c\u00edte efektivitu, a t\u00edm brzd\u00edte v\u00fdrobu. Mezi tyto zanedban\u00e9 zdroje pat\u0159\u00ed v\u0161e od n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch projekt\u016f a\u017e po dovednosti zam\u011bstnanc\u016f<\/a>. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed my\u0161lenka \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9 v\u00fdroby je vlastn\u011b docela jednoduch\u00e1: ne\u00fanavn\u011b pracovat na odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed z v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu. \u0160t\u00edhl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba je tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba, v\u00fdroba p\u0159esn\u011b na \u010das a v\u00fdroba p\u0159esn\u011b na \u010das, nebo jen jako JIT. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0160t\u00edhl\u00fd<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kdo vynalezl \u0161t\u00edhlou v\u00fdrobu?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0160t\u00edhl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba nen\u00ed nov\u00e1 koncepce - prvn\u00ed verze t\u00e9to metody se datuj\u00ed od po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy se za\u010d\u00ednala prosazovat velkos\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba na mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edch link\u00e1ch. V dob\u011b, kdy spole\u010dnosti za\u010daly myslet na v\u00edce ne\u017e jen lok\u00e1ln\u00ed a region\u00e1ln\u00ed distribuci, kdy soupe\u0159ily s dom\u00e1c\u00edmi i zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi konkurenty o pod\u00edl na trhu, se z pot\u0159eby efektivity, konzistence a rychlosti zrodilo v\u011bdeck\u00e9 zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed toho, jak se v\u011bci vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160t\u00edhl\u00e1 v\u00fdroba, kterou zn\u00e1me dnes, je odvozena od provozn\u00edho modelu Toyota \"The Toyota Way\" z roku 1930. Term\u00edn \"\u0161t\u00edhl\u00fd\" byl vytvo\u0159en v roce 1988 spole\u010dnost\u00ed John Krafcik<\/a>a v roce 1996 definov\u00e1na James Womack<\/a> a Daniela Jonese se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u011bti kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch z\u00e1sad: \"P\u0159esn\u011b specifikovat hodnotu podle konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho produktu, ur\u010dit tok hodnoty pro ka\u017ed\u00fd produkt, zajistit, aby hodnota proudila bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed, nechat z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, aby si od v\u00fdrobce vyt\u00e1hl hodnotu, a usilovat o dokonalost.\" <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esn\u00e9 d\u016fvody p\u0159ijet\u00ed JIT v Japonsku nejsou jasn\u00e9, ale p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee na po\u010d\u00e1tku byl po\u017eadavek vy\u0159e\u0161it nedostatek standardizace. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i d\u016fvody, kter\u00e9 zde parafr\u00e1zujeme. B\u011bhem obnovy japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Nedostatek hotovosti v Japonsku zt\u011b\u017eoval pr\u016fmyslu financov\u00e1n\u00ed velkos\u00e9riov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby s velk\u00fdmi z\u00e1sobami, kter\u00e1 je b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 jinde.<\/li>
  2. Japonsko nem\u011blo dostatek prostoru pro v\u00fdstavbu velk\u00fdch tov\u00e1ren pln\u00fdch z\u00e1sob.<\/li>
  3. Na japonsk\u00fdch ostrovech chyb\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje, z nich\u017e by se daly vyr\u00e1b\u011bt produkty.<\/li>
  4. Japonsko m\u011blo vysokou nezam\u011bstnanost, co\u017e znamenalo, \u017ee metody efektivity pr\u00e1ce nebyly samoz\u0159ejmou cestou k pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9mu \u00fasp\u011bchu.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Japonci tak \"ze\u0161t\u00edhlili\" sv\u00e9 procesy. \"Postavili men\u0161\u00ed tov\u00e1rny, v nich\u017e se nach\u00e1zely pouze materi\u00e1ly, na nich\u017e se pr\u00e1v\u011b pracovalo. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se udr\u017eovala n\u00edzk\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 z\u00e1sob, investice do z\u00e1sob v procesu v\u00fdroby byly minim\u00e1ln\u00ed a investice do nakupovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f se rychle obracely, tak\u017ee se nakupovaly dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"Dva<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    V\u00fdznam nebo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed odpadu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed je definov\u00e1no jako jak\u00e1koli \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 z pohledu z\u00e1kazn\u00edka nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159idanou hodnotu. Podle v\u00fdzkumu proveden\u00e9ho spole\u010dnost\u00ed V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9ho podniku (LERC)<\/a>, pln\u011b 60% v\u00fdrobn\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed v typick\u00e9m v\u00fdrobn\u00edm provozu je pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00edm - nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi \u017e\u00e1dnou p\u0159idanou hodnotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nebo odstran\u011bn\u00ed pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed je pro \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, ale p\u0159\u00ednosy \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9 v\u00fdroby se mohou li\u0161it podle toho, koho se pt\u00e1me. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee zvy\u0161uje zisk spole\u010dnosti, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jej\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed hodnoty pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edka a zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho spokojenosti. Jist\u00e9 je, \u017ee maj\u00ed dob\u0159e definovan\u00e9 a efektivn\u00ed procesy<\/a> p\u0159inese nes\u010detn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody v\u0161em slo\u017ek\u00e1m va\u0161\u00ed organizace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[25,27,54],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lean-manufacturing","tag-lean","tag-lean-manufacturing","tag-work-instructions"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}