{"id":9180,"date":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9180"},"modified":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","modified_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","slug":"mi-a-lean-gyartas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/what-is-lean-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Mi a Lean Manufacturing?"},"content":{"rendered":"

A lean gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s az egyik legrosszabb dologgal foglalkozik, ami b\u00e1rmely v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1ssal t\u00f6rt\u00e9nhet: a pazarl\u00e1ssal. Ha nem haszn\u00e1lja ki az \u00f6sszes er\u0151forr\u00e1s\u00e1t, akkor elvesz\u00edti a hat\u00e9konys\u00e1got, \u00e9s ezzel visszafogja a termel\u00e9st. Ezek az elhanyagolt er\u0151forr\u00e1sok k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik minden, a gy\u00e1rt\u00e1si projektmenedzsment eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kt\u0151l kezdve a a szem\u00e9lyzet tagjainak k\u00e9pess\u00e9gei<\/a>. A lean gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s alapgondolata tulajdonk\u00e9ppen nagyon egyszer\u0171: k\u00f6ny\u00f6rtelen\u00fcl dolgozzunk azon, hogy a gy\u00e1rt\u00e1si folyamatb\u00f3l kik\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00f6lj\u00fck a hullad\u00e9kot. A lean gy\u00e1rt\u00e1st lean production, just-in-time manufacturing \u00e9s just-in-time production, vagy egyszer\u0171en csak JIT n\u00e9ven is ismerik. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ki tal\u00e1lta fel a Lean Manufacturinget?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A lean gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s nem \u00faj koncepci\u00f3 - a m\u00f3dszer korai v\u00e1ltozatai a 20. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9re ny\u00falnak vissza, amikor a nagym\u00e9ret\u0171 fut\u00f3szalagos gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s kezdett gy\u00f6keret verni. Ahogy a v\u00e1llalatok kezdtek a helyi \u00e9s region\u00e1lis forgalmaz\u00e1son t\u00fal gondolkodni, ahogyan a hazai \u00e9s k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi versenyt\u00e1rsakkal egyar\u00e1nt versenyeztek a piaci r\u00e9szesed\u00e9s\u00e9rt, a hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g, a k\u00f6vetkezetess\u00e9g \u00e9s a gyorsas\u00e1g ir\u00e1nti ig\u00e9ny sz\u00fclte meg a dolgok el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak tudom\u00e1nyos vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A ma ismert lean gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s a Toyota 1930-as \u201cThe Toyota Way\u201d m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si modellj\u00e9b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazik. A \u201cLean\u201d kifejez\u00e9st 1988-ban alkotta meg a Toyota. John Krafcik<\/a>, \u00e9s 1996-ban a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k\u00e9ppen hat\u00e1rozta meg James Womack<\/a> \u00e9s Daniel Jones \u00f6t f\u0151 alapelvb\u0151l \u00e1ll: \u201cPontosan hat\u00e1rozzuk meg az \u00e9rt\u00e9ket konkr\u00e9t term\u00e9kenk\u00e9nt, azonos\u00edtsuk az \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e1raml\u00e1st minden egyes term\u00e9k eset\u00e9ben, az \u00e9rt\u00e9ket megszak\u00edt\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl \u00e1ramoltassuk, hagyjuk, hogy a vev\u0151 \u00e9rt\u00e9ket vonjon ki a termel\u0151t\u0151l, \u00e9s t\u00f6rekedj\u00fcnk a t\u00f6k\u00e9letess\u00e9gre.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A JIT jap\u00e1n bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9nek pontos okai nem vil\u00e1gosak, de azt felt\u00e9telezik, hogy a szabv\u00e1nyos\u00edt\u00e1s hi\u00e1ny\u00e1nak megold\u00e1s\u00e1ra ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 ig\u00e9nyb\u0151l indult ki. A kutat\u00f3k n\u00e9gy, itt parafraz\u00e1lt okot eml\u00edtenek. Jap\u00e1n II. vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fa ut\u00e1ni ipari \u00fajj\u00e1\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se sor\u00e1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Jap\u00e1n k\u00e9szp\u00e9nzhi\u00e1nya miatt az ipar nehezen tudta finansz\u00edrozni a m\u00e1shol elterjedt nagy t\u00e9tel\u0171, nagy k\u00e9szlet\u0171 termel\u00e9si m\u00f3dszereket.<\/li>
  2. Jap\u00e1nban nem volt el\u00e9g hely a k\u00e9szletekkel megrakott nagy gy\u00e1rak \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/li>
  3. A jap\u00e1n szigeteken nincsenek olyan term\u00e9szeti er\u0151forr\u00e1sok, amelyekb\u0151l term\u00e9keket lehetne gy\u00e1rtani.<\/li>
  4. Jap\u00e1nban magas volt a munkan\u00e9lk\u00fclis\u00e9g, ami azt jelentette, hogy a munkaer\u0151-hat\u00e9konys\u00e1gi m\u00f3dszerek nem jelentettek nyilv\u00e1nval\u00f3 utat az ipari sikerhez.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u00cdgy a jap\u00e1nok \u201ckihajl\u00edtott\u00e1k\u201d folyamataikat. \u201cKisebb gy\u00e1rakat \u00e9p\u00edtettek, amelyekben csak olyan anyagokat t\u00e1roltak, amelyeken \u00e9ppen dolgoztak. Ily m\u00f3don a k\u00e9szletszinteket alacsonyan tartott\u00e1k, a folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 k\u00e9szletekbe val\u00f3 beruh\u00e1z\u00e1s minim\u00e1lis volt, \u00e9s a v\u00e1s\u00e1rolt term\u00e9szeti er\u0151forr\u00e1sokba val\u00f3 beruh\u00e1z\u00e1s gyorsan megfordult, \u00edgy tov\u00e1bbi anyagokat v\u00e1s\u00e1roltak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"K\u00e9t<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    A hullad\u00e9kcs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s fontoss\u00e1ga<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Hullad\u00e9knak min\u0151s\u00fcl minden olyan tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g, amely az \u00fcgyf\u00e9l szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l nem teremt hozz\u00e1adott \u00e9rt\u00e9ket. Az Eur\u00f3pai Bizotts\u00e1g \u00e1ltal v\u00e9gzett kutat\u00e1s szerint Lean Enterprise Kutat\u00f3k\u00f6zpont (LERC)<\/a>, egy tipikus gy\u00e1rt\u00e1si m\u0171veletben a gy\u00e1rt\u00e1si tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9gek 60% %-a hullad\u00e9k - egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem jelentenek hozz\u00e1adott \u00e9rt\u00e9ket a vev\u0151 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A pazarl\u00e1s cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9se vagy megsz\u00fcntet\u00e9se alapvet\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa a lean menedzsmentben, de a lean gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s el\u0151nyei elt\u00e9r\u0151ek lehetnek att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en, hogy kit k\u00e9rdez\u00fcnk. Egyesek szerint a v\u00e1llalat nyeres\u00e9g\u00e9t n\u00f6veli, m\u00edg m\u00e1sok azt \u00e1ll\u00edtj\u00e1k, hogy a fejleszt\u00e9sek kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag az \u00fcgyf\u00e9l\u00e9rt\u00e9k megteremt\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s az \u00fcgyf\u00e9lel\u00e9gedetts\u00e9g n\u00f6vel\u00e9s\u00e9t szolg\u00e1lj\u00e1k. Ami biztos, az az, hogy j\u00f3l meghat\u00e1rozott \u00e9s hat\u00e9kony folyamatok<\/a> sz\u00e1mtalan el\u0151nnyel j\u00e1r szervezet\u00e9nek minden r\u00e9szlege sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[25,27,54],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lean-manufacturing","tag-lean","tag-lean-manufacturing","tag-work-instructions"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}