{"id":9252,"date":"2022-03-14T09:09:24","date_gmt":"2022-03-14T09:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9252"},"modified":"2022-03-14T09:09:25","modified_gmt":"2022-03-14T09:09:25","slug":"a-gyartas-athelyezese-es-lokalizalasa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/reshoring-and-localization-of-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"A gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s \u00e1thelyez\u00e9se \u00e9s lokaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa"},"content":{"rendered":"

A glob\u00e1lis ell\u00e1t\u00e1si l\u00e1nc t\u00f6r\u00e9kenynek bizonyul. Egy 2020. augusztusi, glob\u00e1lis elemz\u0151k k\u00f6r\u00e9ben v\u00e9gzett felm\u00e9r\u00e9s meg\u00e1llap\u00edtotta, hogy\u00a0~75% v\u00e1llalat<\/span><\/a> fel k\u00edv\u00e1nj\u00e1k gyors\u00edtani azokat a terveket, amelyek c\u00e9lja, hogy a gy\u00e1rakat k\u00f6zelebb hozz\u00e1k az \u00fcgyfelekhez. A legt\u00f6bb aut\u00f3gy\u00e1r t\u00f6bb milli\u00f3 n\u00e9gyzetm\u00e9tert foglal el, \u00e9s \u00e9vente t\u00f6bb sz\u00e1zezer darabot gy\u00e1rt. Ma a gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k egyre k\u00f6zelebb k\u00f6lt\u00f6ztetik a l\u00e9tes\u00edtm\u00e9nyeket az otthonukhoz, ami lehet\u0151s\u00e9get k\u00edn\u00e1l az intelligens gy\u00e1ri infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1ra val\u00f3 \u00e1t\u00e1ll\u00e1shoz. A londoni sz\u00e9khely\u0171, elektromos j\u00e1rm\u0171vekkel foglalkoz\u00f3 Arrival startup \u00fatt\u00f6r\u0151 szerepet j\u00e1tszik egy \u00faj megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9sben: mikrogy\u00e1rak<\/span><\/a>. Az \u00e1ttelep\u00edt\u00e9s \u00e9s a lokaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3 kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa trendek, amelyeket a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9vben a gy\u00e1rt\u00e1sban fogunk l\u00e1tni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A v\u00e1llalatok \u00e1thelyezik \u00fczleti tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00fcket<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Egyre t\u00f6bb v\u00e1llalat helyezi haza termel\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s gy\u00e1rt\u00e1si l\u00e9tes\u00edtm\u00e9nyeit, mert k\u00fclf\u00f6ld\u00f6n besz\u0171k\u00fclt a k\u00edn\u00e1lat \u00e9s nem \u00e1ll rendelkez\u00e9sre elegend\u0151 termel\u00e9si kapacit\u00e1s. A diszfunkcion\u00e1lis ell\u00e1t\u00e1si l\u00e1ncok egyre ink\u00e1bb fejf\u00e1j\u00e1st okoznak, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a kis- \u00e9s k\u00f6z\u00e9pv\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, amelyeknek kev\u00e9s befoly\u00e1suk van az \u00e1rak meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ban. Ahol az \u00e1ruk sz\u0171k\u00f6sek, ott az \u00e1rak robban\u00e1sszer\u0171en emelkednek. Ez\u00e9rt egyre t\u00f6bb c\u00e9g cs\u00f6kkenti a k\u00f6lts\u00e9geit \u00e9s\u00a0\u00e1ttelep\u00edtik termel\u00e9s\u00fcket<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben sz\u00e1mos alacsonyabb el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1si k\u00f6lts\u00e9g\u0171 r\u00e9gi\u00f3ban is b\u00e9rinfl\u00e1ci\u00f3 volt tapasztalhat\u00f3. Ez cs\u00f6kkentette a munkaer\u0151-arbitr\u00e1zs lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen az ell\u00e1t\u00e1si l\u00e1nc kock\u00e1zataival szemben. K\u00edn\u00e1ban p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a munkaer\u0151k\u00f6lts\u00e9gek az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben nagym\u00e9rt\u00e9kben emelkedtek. Az alacsonyabb k\u00f6lts\u00e9geken k\u00edv\u00fcl a reshoring (a termel\u00e9s \u00e1thelyez\u00e9se a sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1si orsz\u00e1gba vagy a keresleti pontokhoz) \u00e9s a lokaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3 (a termel\u00e9s k\u00f6zelebb hoz\u00e1sa a sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1si orsz\u00e1ghoz vagy a keresleti pontokhoz) m\u00e1s el\u0151ny\u00f6ket is k\u00edn\u00e1l a f\u00f6ldrajzi k\u00f6zels\u00e9g, az id\u0151z\u00f3n\u00e1k \u00f6sszehangol\u00e1sa, a r\u00f6videbb \u00e1tfut\u00e1si id\u0151k \u00e9s a jobb szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sny\u00fajt\u00e1s r\u00e9v\u00e9n. Emellett a gy\u00e1rt\u00f3knak seg\u00edt a term\u00e9keket a helyi preferenci\u00e1khoz igaz\u00edtani, \u00e9s egyes helyeken nagyobb szellemi tulajdonv\u00e9delmet \u00e9s tehets\u00e9gesebb helyi munkaer\u0151t k\u00edn\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mik azok a mikro\u00fczemek?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ezek a kis, modul\u00e1ris gy\u00e1rak magasan automatiz\u00e1ltak, \u00e9s n\u00e9h\u00e1ny sz\u00e1z n\u00e9gyzetm\u00e9tert foglalnak el. L\u00e9trehoz\u00e1suk \u00e9s \u00fczemeltet\u00e9s\u00fck olcs\u00f3bb, ami \u00e9letk\u00e9pess\u00e9 teszi a kis teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt. Az Arrival elektromos furgon mikrogy\u00e1ra mind\u00f6ssze\u00a010k<\/a>\u00a0kisteheraut\u00f3 \u00e9vente, \u00e9s csak a k\u00f6zvetlen k\u00f6rzet\u00e9ben kiel\u00e9g\u00edti a keresletet. Az \u00e9rkez\u00e9s \u00e9rt\u00e9ke\u00a0$13B<\/a>\u00a0tavaly m\u00e1rciusban. A mikrogy\u00e1rak is sokoldal\u00faak. M\u00edg a fut\u00f3szalagos rendszereket egy term\u00e9k k\u00f6r\u00e9 tervezik, a mikrogy\u00e1rak a 3D nyomtat\u00f3kra \u00e9s az AI robotik\u00e1ra t\u00e1maszkodnak, amelyek a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 term\u00e9kcsal\u00e1dok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00e1tkonfigur\u00e1lhat\u00f3k.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s az \u00e1ttelep\u00edt\u00e9sr\u0151l \u00e9s a lokaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3r\u00f3l<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Az \u00e1ttelep\u00edt\u00e9st k\u00f6nnyebb mondani, mint megtenni, \u00e9s ez nem olyan d\u00f6nt\u00e9s, amelyet az ell\u00e1t\u00e1si l\u00e1nc vezet\u0151i elszigetelten hozhatnak meg. T\u00f6bb t\u00e9nyez\u0151 is szerepet j\u00e1tszik, \u00e9s az egym\u00e1ssal verseng\u0151 priorit\u00e1sok m\u00e9lyen befoly\u00e1solhatj\u00e1k az \u00fczleti vezet\u0151k \u00e1ltal v\u00e1lasztott ir\u00e1nyt. Ennek megfelel\u0151en meg kell \u00e9rteni, \u00e9rt\u00e9kelni \u00e9s konszenzusra kell jutni a k\u00f6lts\u00e9gek, kock\u00e1zatok \u00e9s rugalmass\u00e1g k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kompromisszumokat illet\u0151en.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The global supply chain is proving fragile. An August 2020 survey of global analysts found that\u00a0~75%\u00a0of companies intend to accelerate plans to bring factories closer to customers.\u00a0Most car factories take up millions of square feet and produce hundreds of thousands of units annually. Today, manufacturers are moving facilities closer to home, which presents an opportunity […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9255,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[18,149,94,148],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-4-0","tag-industry-4-0","tag-localization","tag-microfactory","tag-reshoring"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",1280,852,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-768x511.jpg",768,511,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-1024x682.jpg",1024,682,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",1280,852,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",1280,852,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"The global supply chain is proving fragile. An August 2020 survey of global analysts found that\u00a0~75%\u00a0of companies intend to accelerate plans to bring factories closer to customers.\u00a0Most car factories take up millions of square feet and produce hundreds of thousands of units annually. Today, manufacturers are moving facilities closer to home, which presents an opportunity…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9252"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9252\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9252"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}