{"id":9180,"date":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9180"},"modified":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","modified_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","slug":"czym-jest-lean-manufacturing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/what-is-lean-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Czym jest Lean Manufacturing?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lean Manufacturing odnosi si\u0119 do jednej z najgorszych rzeczy, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 przytrafi\u0107 si\u0119 ka\u017cdemu przedsi\u0119biorstwu: marnotrawstwa. Niewykorzystanie w pe\u0142ni wszystkich zasob\u00f3w oznacza utrat\u0119 wydajno\u015bci, a tym samym zahamowanie produkcji. Te zaniedbane zasoby obejmuj\u0105 wszystko, pocz\u0105wszy od narz\u0119dzi do zarz\u0105dzania projektami produkcyjnymi, a sko\u0144czywszy na umiej\u0119tno\u015bci pracownik\u00f3w<\/a>. G\u0142\u00f3wna idea szczup\u0142ej produkcji jest w rzeczywisto\u015bci do\u015b\u0107 prosta; nale\u017cy nieustannie pracowa\u0107 nad eliminacj\u0105 marnotrawstwa z procesu produkcyjnego. Lean manufacturing jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c znany jako lean production, just-in-time manufacturing i just-in-time production lub po prostu jako JIT. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Odchudzony<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kto wynalaz\u0142 Lean Manufacturing?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Lean Manufacturing nie jest now\u0105 koncepcj\u0105 - wczesne wersje tej metody mo\u017cna datowa\u0107 na pocz\u0105tek XX wieku, kiedy to produkcja na du\u017c\u0105 skal\u0119 na liniach monta\u017cowych zacz\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 zakorzenia\u0107. Gdy firmy zacz\u0119\u0142y wykracza\u0107 poza lokaln\u0105 i regionaln\u0105 dystrybucj\u0119, konkuruj\u0105c o udzia\u0142 w rynku zar\u00f3wno z krajowymi, jak i zagranicznymi konkurentami, potrzeba wydajno\u015bci, sp\u00f3jno\u015bci i szybko\u015bci da\u0142a pocz\u0105tek naukowym badaniom nad sposobem produkcji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lean Manufacturing, kt\u00f3ry znamy dzisiaj, wywodzi si\u0119 z modelu operacyjnego Toyoty \u201cThe Toyota Way\u201d z 1930 roku. Termin \u201cLean\u201d zosta\u0142 ukuty w 1988 roku przez John Krafcik<\/a>, i zdefiniowany w 1996 r. przez James Womack<\/a> i Daniela Jonesa sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z pi\u0119ciu kluczowych zasad: \u201cPrecyzyjnie okre\u015bli\u0107 warto\u015b\u0107 wed\u0142ug konkretnego produktu, zidentyfikowa\u0107 strumie\u0144 warto\u015bci dla ka\u017cdego produktu, sprawi\u0107, by warto\u015b\u0107 p\u0142yn\u0119\u0142a bez zak\u0142\u00f3ce\u0144, pozwoli\u0107 klientowi wyci\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 warto\u015b\u0107 od producenta i d\u0105\u017cy\u0107 do perfekcji\u201d.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dok\u0142adne powody przyj\u0119cia JIT w Japonii s\u0105 niejasne, ale sugeruje si\u0119, \u017ce zacz\u0119\u0142o si\u0119 od wymogu rozwi\u0105zania braku standaryzacji. Badacze podaj\u0105 cztery powody, sparafrazowane tutaj. Podczas odbudowy japo\u0144skiego przemys\u0142u po II wojnie \u015bwiatowej:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Brak got\u00f3wki w Japonii utrudnia\u0142 przemys\u0142owi finansowanie metod produkcji du\u017cych partii i du\u017cych zapas\u00f3w, powszechnych gdzie indziej<\/li>
  2. W Japonii brakowa\u0142o miejsca na budow\u0119 du\u017cych fabryk wype\u0142nionych zapasami.<\/li>
  3. Na wyspach japo\u0144skich brakuje zasob\u00f3w naturalnych, z kt\u00f3rych mo\u017cna by budowa\u0107 produkty.<\/li>
  4. W Japonii panowa\u0142o wysokie bezrobocie, co oznacza\u0142o, \u017ce metody zwi\u0119kszania wydajno\u015bci pracy nie by\u0142y oczywist\u0105 drog\u0105 do sukcesu przemys\u0142owego.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    W ten spos\u00f3b Japo\u0144czycy \u201codchudzili\u201d swoje procesy. \u201cZbudowali mniejsze fabryki, w kt\u00f3rych jedynymi materia\u0142ami znajduj\u0105cymi si\u0119 w fabryce by\u0142y te, na kt\u00f3rych aktualnie wykonywano prac\u0119. W ten spos\u00f3b poziomy zapas\u00f3w by\u0142y utrzymywane na niskim poziomie, inwestycje w zapasy w toku by\u0142y minimalne, a inwestycje w zakupione zasoby naturalne by\u0142y szybko odwracane, aby mo\u017cna by\u0142o kupi\u0107 dodatkowe materia\u0142y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"Dw\u00f3ch<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Znaczenie lub redukcja odpad\u00f3w<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Marnotrawstwo jest definiowane jako ka\u017cde dzia\u0142anie, kt\u00f3re nie dodaje warto\u015bci z perspektywy klienta. Wed\u0142ug bada\u0144 przeprowadzonych przez Centrum Bada\u0144 nad Lean Enterprise (LERC)<\/a>, W pe\u0142ni 60% dzia\u0142a\u0144 produkcyjnych w typowej operacji produkcyjnej to marnotrawstwo - nie dodaj\u0105 one \u017cadnej warto\u015bci dla klienta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Redukcja lub eliminacja marnotrawstwa ma zasadnicze znaczenie dla szczup\u0142ego zarz\u0105dzania, ale korzy\u015bci p\u0142yn\u0105ce ze szczup\u0142ej produkcji mog\u0105 by\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cne w zale\u017cno\u015bci od tego, kto zostanie o nie zapytany. Niekt\u00f3rzy twierdz\u0105, \u017ce zwi\u0119ksza to zyski firmy, podczas gdy inni utrzymuj\u0105, \u017ce ulepszenia maj\u0105 na celu wy\u0142\u0105cznie tworzenie warto\u015bci dla klienta i zwi\u0119kszanie jego satysfakcji. Pewne jest to, \u017ce dobrze zdefiniowane i wydajne procesy<\/a> przyniesie niezliczone korzy\u015bci wszystkim sekcjom Pa\u0144stwa organizacji.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[25,27,54],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lean-manufacturing","tag-lean","tag-lean-manufacturing","tag-work-instructions"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}