{"id":9252,"date":"2022-03-14T09:09:24","date_gmt":"2022-03-14T09:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9252"},"modified":"2022-03-14T09:09:25","modified_gmt":"2022-03-14T09:09:25","slug":"reshoring-i-lokalizacja-produkcji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/reshoring-and-localization-of-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Reshoring i lokalizacja produkcji"},"content":{"rendered":"

Globalny \u0142a\u0144cuch dostaw okazuje si\u0119 kruchy. Badanie przeprowadzone w sierpniu 2020 r. w\u015br\u00f3d globalnych analityk\u00f3w wykaza\u0142o, \u017ce\u00a0~75% firm<\/span><\/a> zamierza przyspieszy\u0107 plany zbli\u017cenia fabryk do klient\u00f3w. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 fabryk samochod\u00f3w zajmuje miliony st\u00f3p kwadratowych i produkuje setki tysi\u0119cy egzemplarzy rocznie. Obecnie producenci przenosz\u0105 zak\u0142ady bli\u017cej domu, co stanowi okazj\u0119 do modernizacji infrastruktury do inteligentnej fabryki. Arrival, londy\u0144ski startup zajmuj\u0105cy si\u0119 pojazdami elektrycznymi, jest pionierem nowego podej\u015bcia: mikrofabryki<\/span><\/a>. Reshoring i lokalizacja to kluczowe trendy, kt\u00f3re b\u0119dziemy obserwowa\u0107 w bran\u017cy produkcyjnej w ci\u0105gu najbli\u017cszych kilku lat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fabryka,<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Firmy przenosz\u0105 swoj\u0105 dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Coraz wi\u0119cej firm przenosi swoj\u0105 produkcj\u0119 i zak\u0142ady produkcyjne z powrotem do kraju z powodu zator\u00f3w w dostawach i niewystarczaj\u0105cych mocy produkcyjnych za granic\u0105. Dysfunkcyjne \u0142a\u0144cuchy dostaw staj\u0105 si\u0119 coraz wi\u0119kszym utrapieniem, zw\u0142aszcza dla ma\u0142ych i \u015brednich przedsi\u0119biorstw, kt\u00f3re maj\u0105 niewielki wp\u0142yw na ustalanie cen. Wsz\u0119dzie tam, gdzie brakuje towar\u00f3w, ceny eksploduj\u0105. W zwi\u0105zku z tym coraz wi\u0119cej firm obni\u017ca swoje koszty i\u00a0przenosz\u0105 swoj\u0105 produkcj\u0119<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ponadto, w ostatnich latach wiele region\u00f3w o ni\u017cszych kosztach produkcji do\u015bwiadczy\u0142o inflacji p\u0142ac. Zmniejszy\u0142o to mo\u017cliwo\u015bci arbitra\u017cu pracowniczego, zw\u0142aszcza w kontek\u015bcie ryzyka zwi\u0105zanego z \u0142a\u0144cuchem dostaw. Przyk\u0142adowo, koszty pracy w Chinach znacznie wzros\u0142y w ostatnich latach. Opr\u00f3cz ni\u017cszych koszt\u00f3w, reshoring (przenoszenie produkcji do kraju macierzystego lub punkt\u00f3w popytu) i lokalizacja (przenoszenie produkcji bli\u017cej kraju macierzystego lub punkt\u00f3w popytu) oferuj\u0105 inne korzy\u015bci dzi\u0119ki blisko\u015bci geograficznej, dostosowaniu stref czasowych, kr\u00f3tszym czasom realizacji i lepszemu \u015bwiadczeniu us\u0142ug. Pomagaj\u0105 one r\u00f3wnie\u017c producentom dostosowa\u0107 produkty do lokalnych preferencji, a w niekt\u00f3rych lokalizacjach oferuj\u0105 wi\u0119ksz\u0105 ochron\u0119 w\u0142asno\u015bci intelektualnej (IP) i bardziej utalentowan\u0105 lokaln\u0105 si\u0142\u0119 robocz\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Czym s\u0105 mikro fabryki?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Te ma\u0142e, modu\u0142owe fabryki s\u0105 wysoce zautomatyzowane i zajmuj\u0105 powierzchni\u0119 kilkuset st\u00f3p kwadratowych. S\u0105 one ta\u0144sze w budowie i eksploatacji, co sprawia, \u017ce ich produkcja jest op\u0142acalna. Mikrofabryka elektrycznych van\u00f3w Arrival b\u0119dzie produkowa\u0107 tylko\u00a010k<\/a>\u00a0samochod\u00f3w dostawczych rocznie i zaspokoi\u0107 popyt tylko w najbli\u017cszej okolicy. Przybycie zosta\u0142o wycenione na\u00a0$13B<\/a>\u00a0w marcu ubieg\u0142ego roku. Mikrofabryki s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wszechstronne. Podczas gdy systemy przeno\u015bnik\u00f3w ta\u015bmowych s\u0105 zaprojektowane z my\u015bl\u0105 o jednym produkcie, mikrofabryki opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 na drukarkach 3D i robotyce AI, kt\u00f3re mo\u017cna rekonfigurowa\u0107 dla r\u00f3\u017cnych linii produkt\u00f3w.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wnioski dotycz\u0105ce reshoringu i lokalizacji<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Reshoring to \u0142atwiej powiedzie\u0107 ni\u017c zrobi\u0107 i nie jest to decyzja, kt\u00f3r\u0105 kierownictwo \u0142a\u0144cucha dostaw mo\u017ce podj\u0105\u0107 w odosobnieniu. W gr\u0119 wchodzi wiele czynnik\u00f3w, a konkuruj\u0105ce ze sob\u0105 priorytety mog\u0105 g\u0142\u0119boko wp\u0142yn\u0105\u0107 na kierunek obrany przez lider\u00f3w biznesowych. W zwi\u0105zku z tym powinno istnie\u0107 zrozumienie, ocena i konsensus dotycz\u0105cy kompromis\u00f3w mi\u0119dzy kosztami, ryzykiem i odporno\u015bci\u0105.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The global supply chain is proving fragile. An August 2020 survey of global analysts found that\u00a0~75%\u00a0of companies intend to accelerate plans to bring factories closer to customers.\u00a0Most car factories take up millions of square feet and produce hundreds of thousands of units annually. Today, manufacturers are moving facilities closer to home, which presents an opportunity […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9255,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[18,149,94,148],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-4-0","tag-industry-4-0","tag-localization","tag-microfactory","tag-reshoring"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",1280,852,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-768x511.jpg",768,511,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT-1024x682.jpg",1024,682,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",1280,852,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",1280,852,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/reshoring-OPT.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"The global supply chain is proving fragile. An August 2020 survey of global analysts found that\u00a0~75%\u00a0of companies intend to accelerate plans to bring factories closer to customers.\u00a0Most car factories take up millions of square feet and produce hundreds of thousands of units annually. Today, manufacturers are moving facilities closer to home, which presents an opportunity…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9252"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9252\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9252"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}