{"id":9153,"date":"2021-12-22T15:07:42","date_gmt":"2021-12-22T15:07:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9153"},"modified":"2021-12-22T15:07:43","modified_gmt":"2021-12-22T15:07:43","slug":"kako-izdelati-dobra-navodila-za-delo-v-montazni-liniji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/how-to-make-good-assembly-line-work-instructions\/","title":{"rendered":"Kako pripraviti dobra navodila za delo v monta\u017eni liniji?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vsak zaposleni ima nekoliko druga\u010den na\u010din dela. Vsak ima druga\u010dno predznanje, druga\u010dne izku\u0161nje, druga\u010dno stopnjo znanja in nekoliko druga\u010den delovni proces, kar v delovni proces podjetja vna\u0161a razli\u010dnost. Ve\u010dje kot je va\u0161e podjetje, ve\u010d razlik se pojavi v proizvodni liniji. Navodila za delo so klju\u010dnega pomena za zmanj\u0161anje odstopanj, kar proizvajalcem omogo\u010da, da izbolj\u0161ajo kakovost in zadovoljijo povpra\u0161evanje. \u0160e bolje pa je, da so pisna delovna navodila za monta\u017eno linijo odli\u010dno orodje za usposabljanje novih zaposlenih.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali so va\u0161a navodila za delo brez vrednosti?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Najprej se dotaknimo, kaj dobra navodila za delo niso. Na spodnjem seznamu preverite, ali se katera od teh postavk nana\u0161a na vas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Pogosto so dale\u010d nad glavo operaterja, ki bi se po potrebi te\u017eko skliceval nanje.<\/li>
  2. Delovna navodila so pripravljena za ISO 9001<\/a> revizorjem in strankam, ob predpostavki, da ne preverjajo natan\u010dno u\u010dinkovitosti teh navodil.<\/li>
  3. Pogosto ni slike\/fotografije. \u010ce je na voljo samo besedilo, je potrebno ve\u010d dela, da se preveri in zagotovi, da ustrezajo izdelku, ki se izdeluje. Posledi\u010dno navodila niso zanimiva in jih izvajalci ne berejo.<\/li>
  4. Vodje skupin in nadzorniki vedo, da so navodila nesmiselna, zato jih ne uporabljajo kot standard. Najbolje bi bilo, \u010de bi redno preverjali, ali izvajalec spo\u0161tuje veljavni standard.<\/li>
  5. Ne upo\u0161tevajo se pomembni vidiki kakovosti, na primer preverjanje skladnosti dimenzij 1 od 10 kosov.<\/li>
  6. Ne upo\u0161tevajo se pomembni varnostni vidiki, na primer postavljanje rok na dolo\u010dena mesta, da se ne bi ujele v stroj za \u017eigosanje.<\/li>
  7. Ne upo\u0161tevajo se pomembni postopki vzdr\u017eevanja, na primer odpiranje predal\u010dka in \u010di\u0161\u010denje opreme.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \"Delavec<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Kako ustvariti odli\u010dna navodila za delo v monta\u017eni liniji?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u010ce va\u0161i in\u017eenirji za uvajanje novih izdelkov (NPI) \u0161e niso pripravili standardnih delovnih navodil, jih boste morali za\u010deti pisati. Pri pisanju postopkov za monta\u017eno linijo morate upo\u0161tevati spodnja na\u010dela, da boste zagotovili, da bodo va\u0161a navodila enostavna za uporabo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Standardizacija dela na monta\u017enih linijah (in drugje)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Osnovna zamisel navodil v monta\u017eni liniji je, da se upo\u0161teva \u2018najbolj\u0161i na\u010din, ki je trenutno znan v tej organizaciji\u2019, tako da \u010de dolo\u010deno delo opravlja pet ljudi, ga opravljajo na enak na\u010din. \u010ce ima vsak izvajalec svoje postopke, je lahko izbolj\u0161anje na\u010dina dela precej te\u017eavno. Z upo\u0161tevanjem standardnih proizvodnih procesov je mogo\u010de eno izbolj\u0161avo delovnih navodil nemudoma uporabiti na vseh podro\u010djih ter pove\u010dati produktivnost, kakovost in varnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Napi\u0161ite jo skupaj z ljudmi, ki vsak dan opravljajo delo na proizvodni liniji.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ljudje, ki vsak dan sodelujejo v procesu monta\u017ee, pogosto vedo, kako opraviti delo bolje kot ve\u010dina in\u017eenirjev, ki sedijo v va\u0161i pisarni. Morda se v nekaterih primerih ne bodo trudili, da bi delo opravili dobro, na primer kadar so pla\u010dani na kos in jim nikoli ni treba predelati nereda, ki so ga naredili. Vendar pa obi\u010dajno vedo, kako to narediti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Zakaj jih ne bi za eno uro umaknili iz proizvodnje in skupaj dolo\u010dili optimalni postopek monta\u017ene linije? S tem ne pridobite le bolj\u0161ega vpogleda v postopke, ampak jih tudi nau\u010dite bolje razmi\u0161ljati. In kdo ve, morda bodo o tem \u0161e naprej razmi\u0161ljali v ozadju misli in se \u010dez teden dni morda domislili bolj\u0161ega postopka. Vklju\u010dite celo vodje proizvodne linije ali skupine, da jih spodbudite k razmi\u0161ljanju zunaj okvirjev. S\u010dasoma se bodo tudi oni nau\u010dili, kako re\u0161evati te\u017eave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pridobite soglasje zaposlenih<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    V nekaterih tovarnah so zaposleni na ni\u017ejih ravneh kot viri za enkratno uporabo. Njihove naloge so ukazane, ne usposabljajo jih in upajo, da jih bodo \u010dim hitreje nadomestili z avtomatizacijo. Ne padite v to past! Pridobivanje povratnih informacij zaposlenih med postopkom odlo\u010danja je lahko odlo\u010dilen dejavnik uspeha va\u0161ega podjetja. Vklju\u010devanje delavcev pri pisanju navodil za delo vodi k trajnostnim izbolj\u0161avam, saj pridobite njihovo soglasje. Tudi \u010de se s kak\u0161nim vidikom ne strinjajo, jim boste dali prilo\u017enost, da delijo svoje mnenje in o njem razpravljajo s svojimi ekipami. Na koncu bodo morda \u0161e vedno nezadovoljni, vendar je bolje, da ste prejeli njihov prispevek, kar lahko privede do manj\u0161ega odpora z njihove strani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    vizualizacija standardnih delovnih navodil<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ko so navodila za delo napisana, jih je treba izvajati. Vodja ali nadzornik mora imeti mo\u017enost, da se sprehodi naokoli in s hitrim pogledom ugotovi, ali se standardi upo\u0161tevajo. Risbe lahko veliko bolje odra\u017eajo navodila za monta\u017eno linijo kot odstavki besedila. Videli smo veliko listov z delovnimi navodili, napisanih na neizrazitih predlogah brez grafi\u010dnega elementa, ki bi vizualizacija proizvodnega procesa.<\/a>, in presenetljivo jih nih\u010de ne bere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Vklju\u010ditev drugih elementov v monta\u017eno linijo WI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ko ljudje pomislijo na standardna navodila za delo, imajo v mislih delovno zaporedje - najprej naredi to, nato to itd. To je zelo koristno, \u0161e posebej, \u010de vklju\u010duje tudi premikanje in preoblikovanje materiala ter dejavnosti pregledovanja in presku\u0161anja. Vendar to ni edina stvar, ki bi jo morala vklju\u010devati va\u0161a navodila za delo v proizvodnji. Poskusite vklju\u010diti standardni \u010dasovni potek, tj. koliko \u010dasa naj bi trajal dolo\u010den postopek, da bo linija uravnote\u017eena. To se ne sme uporabljati za kaznovanje delavcev ali izpostavljanje tistih, ki so prepo\u010dasni. Nasprotno, to naj bi pomenilo zdrav pritisk in nakazalo, kdo potrebuje specializirano usposabljanje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Usposabljanje procesnih in\u017eenirjev<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u017delite razvijati mlaj\u0161e in\u017eenirje? Na podlagi navodil za delo in drugih zbranih podatkov jih lahko vklju\u010dite v projekte za pove\u010danje produktivnosti. Razvijanje kombinirane tabele je uporabno, kadar se \u017eelite poglobiti v podrobnosti. Prikazuje podrobnosti o ro\u010dnem \u010dasu cikla, samodejnem \u010dasu cikla, \u010dasu hoje in \u010dasu \u010dakanja za 1 operaterja.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Every employee has a slightly different way of doing things. Each has a different background, different experience, different depth of skill, and a slightly different work process\u2014and that introduces variation into a company\u2019s workflow. The larger your operation, the more variation works its way into the production line. Work instructions are key to reducing variation, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,53],"tags":[102,7,54],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lean-manufacturing","category-work-instructions","tag-assembly-line","tag-manufacturing","tag-work-instructions"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1.jpg",1920,1280,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1-1536x1024.jpg",1536,1024,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1.jpg",1920,1280,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/workshop-802997_1920-1.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Every employee has a slightly different way of doing things. Each has a different background, different experience, different depth of skill, and a slightly different work process\u2014and that introduces variation into a company\u2019s workflow. The larger your operation, the more variation works its way into the production line. Work instructions are key to reducing variation,…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9153"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9153\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9153"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}