{"id":9180,"date":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/?p=9180"},"modified":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","modified_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:50:16","slug":"kaj-je-vitka-proizvodnja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/what-is-lean-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaj je vitka proizvodnja?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vitka proizvodnja obravnava eno najhuj\u0161ih stvari, ki se lahko zgodijo v vsakem podjetju: odpadke. \u010ce ne izkoristite vseh svojih virov v celoti, izgubite u\u010dinkovitost in s tem zavirate proizvodnjo. Ti zanemarjeni viri vklju\u010dujejo vse od orodij za upravljanje proizvodnih projektov do znanja in spretnosti zaposlenih.<\/a>. Osnovna ideja vitke proizvodnje je pravzaprav zelo preprosta: nenehno si prizadevati za odpravljanje odpadkov iz proizvodnega procesa. Vitka proizvodnja je znana tudi kot vitka proizvodnja, proizvodnja ob pravem \u010dasu in proizvodnja ob pravem \u010dasu ali samo kot JIT. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Vitek<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kdo je izumil vitko proizvodnjo?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vitka proizvodnja ni nov koncept - prve razli\u010dice te metode segajo v za\u010detek 20. stoletja, ko se je za\u010dela uveljavljati obse\u017ena monta\u017ena proizvodnja. Ko so podjetja za\u010dela razmi\u0161ljati o ve\u010d kot le lokalni in regionalni distribuciji, ko so tekmovala z doma\u010dimi in tujimi konkurenti za tr\u017eni dele\u017e, se je zaradi potrebe po u\u010dinkovitosti, doslednosti in hitrosti porodila znanstvena \u0161tudija o tem, kako se stvari proizvajajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vitka proizvodnja, ki jo poznamo danes, izhaja iz Toyotinega operativnega modela iz leta 1930 \u201cToyotin na\u010din\u201d. Izraz \u201cvitek\u201d je leta 1988 skoval John Krafcik<\/a>, leta 1996 pa ga je opredelil James Womack<\/a> in Daniela Jonesa sestavlja pet klju\u010dnih na\u010del: \u201cNatan\u010dno dolo\u010dite vrednost po posameznih izdelkih, dolo\u010dite tok vrednosti za vsak izdelek, omogo\u010dite, da vrednost te\u010de brez prekinitev, pustite kupcu, da od proizvajalca potegne vrednost, in si prizadevajte za popolnost.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Natan\u010dni razlogi za uvedbo JIT na Japonskem so nejasni, vendar se domneva, da se je za\u010dela z zahtevo po re\u0161itvi pomanjkanja standardizacije. Raziskovalci navajajo \u0161tiri razloge, ki jih tukaj parafraziramo. Med obnovo japonske industrije po drugi svetovni vojni:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Zaradi pomanjkanja gotovine na Japonskem je industrija te\u017eko financirala proizvodne metode velikih serij in zalog, ki so obi\u010dajne drugod.<\/li>
  2. Japonska ni imela prostora za gradnjo velikih tovarn z zalogami.<\/li>
  3. Na japonskih otokih ni naravnih virov, iz katerih bi lahko izdelovali izdelke.<\/li>
  4. Na Japonskem je bila visoka stopnja brezposelnosti, zato metode u\u010dinkovite rabe delovne sile niso bile o\u010ditna pot do industrijskega uspeha.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Tako so Japonci svoje procese \u201crazbremenili\u201d. \u201cZgradili so manj\u0161e tovarne, v katerih so bili v tovarni shranjeni le materiali, na katerih se je trenutno delalo. Na ta na\u010din je bila raven zalog nizka, nalo\u017ebe v zaloge v procesu so bile minimalne, nalo\u017ebe v kupljene naravne vire pa so se hitro obrnile, tako da so se kupili dodatni materiali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"Dva<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Pomen ali zmanj\u0161anje koli\u010dine odpadkov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Odpadki so opredeljeni kot vse dejavnosti, ki z vidika stranke ne prina\u0161ajo dodane vrednosti. Glede na raziskavo, ki jo je opravila organizacija Raziskovalni center za vitko poslovanje (LERC)<\/a>, v celoti 60% proizvodnih dejavnosti v tipi\u010dnem proizvodnem procesu so odpadki - za kupca ne ustvarjajo nobene dodane vrednosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Zmanj\u0161evanje ali odpravljanje odpadkov je bistvenega pomena za vitko upravljanje, vendar se lahko koristi vitke proizvodnje razlikujejo glede na to, koga vpra\u0161amo. Nekateri pravijo, da pove\u010duje dobi\u010dek podjetja, medtem ko drugi trdijo, da so njene izbolj\u0161ave namenjene izklju\u010dno ustvarjanju vrednosti za stranke in pove\u010danju njihovega zadovoljstva. Gotovo pa je, da je dobro opredeljeni in u\u010dinkoviti procesi.<\/a> bo prinesel ne\u0161teto koristi za vse dele va\u0161e organizacije.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[25,27,54],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lean-manufacturing","tag-lean","tag-lean-manufacturing","tag-work-instructions"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",1500,1000,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/rewo.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LeanManufacturing.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"VIAR","author_link":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/author\/viar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Lean manufacturing addresses one of the worst things that can happen to any enterprise: waste. To not take full advantage of all of your resources is to lose efficiencies and, in so doing, stunt production. These neglected resources include everything from manufacturing project management tools, to the skills of the staff members. The core idea…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9180\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9180"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rewo.io\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=9180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}